How does energy flow through an ecosystem?

Energy flow through an ecosystem begins with producers, such as plants and photosynthetic organisms, which convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis. These producers form the base of the energy pyramid and are essential for supporting higher trophic levels.

Consumers, which include herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores, obtain their energy by consuming producers or other consumers. The transfer of energy from producers to consumers is a fundamental process in ecosystems, as it allows for the movement of energy up the food chain.

Finally, decomposers play a critical role in breaking down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil, which supports producers in a continual cycle. This reinforces the flow of energy through the ecosystem by making nutrients available for primary producers to use in photosynthesis.

Thus, the correct understanding of energy flow showcases a linear progression that starts with producers, moves to consumers, and concludes with decomposers, highlighting the interconnectedness of these groups in an ecosystem.